As
almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation
due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were
independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had
domesticated cereal. Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer
was produced about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran, and was one of the
first-known biological engineering tasks where the biological process of
fermentation is used in a process. In Mesopotamia, the oldest evidence of beer
is believed to be a 6,000-year-old Sumerian tablet depicting people drinking a
beverage through reed straws from a communal bowl. A 3900 year old Sumerian
poem honoring Ninkasi, the patron goddess of brewing, contains the oldest
surviving beer recipe, describing the production of beer from barley via bread.
The
invention of bread and/or beer has been argued to be responsible for humanity's
ability to develop technology and build civilization. The earliest chemically
confirmed barley beer to date was discovered at Godin Tepe in the central
Zagros Mountains of Iran, ca. 3500-3100 B.C. (Chalcolithic/Late Uruk Period).
Beer
may have been known in Neolithic Europe as far back as 3000 BC, and was mainly
brewed on a domestic scale.
Ale
produced before the Industrial Revolution continued to be made and sold on a
domestic scale, although by the 7th century AD beer was also being produced and
sold by European monasteries. During the Industrial Revolution, the production
of beer moved from artisanal manufacture to industrial manufacture, and
domestic manufacture ceased to be significant by the end of the 19th century.
The development of hydrometers and thermometers changed brewing by allowing the
brewer more control of the process, and greater knowledge of the results.
This easy chili with ground beef and sausage will satisfy
your family. And the stove does most of the work.
Debo’s Green Texas Chili
Debo’s Green Texas Chili
Copyright
2012, Debo, Christine’s Pantry. All rights reserved.
Ingredients:
1
pound ground pork sausage
1
pound ground beef
3
cubes chipotle
1
teaspoon white pepper
1
teaspoon cumin
1
onion, chopped
1
(12 oz.) beer, use your favorite beer
1
tablespoon garlic, minced
2
(16.7 oz.) bottle salsa verde
Directions:
In
large pot, over medium heat, add ground pork sausage and ground beef, cook
until no longer pink. Add remaining ingredients. Reduce heat, simmer for 30
minutes. Enjoy!
Sounds like one delicious bowl of chili!
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